Can you accept a hypothesis

He is either guilty or not guilty. We found before that As you can see here, the Type I error putting an innocent man in jail is the more serious error. Ethically, it is more serious to put an innocent man in jail than to let a guilty man go free. So to minimize the probability of a type I error we would choose a smaller significance level. An inspector has to choose between certifying a building as safe or saying that the building is not safe. There are two hypotheses:. Therefore, they have an inverse relationship, i.

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Close Save changes. That is, the two-tailed test requires taking into account the possibility that the test statistic could fall into either tail and hence the name "two-tailed" test.

Note that the P -value for a two-tailed test is always two times the P -value for either of the one-tailed tests. Now that we have reviewed the critical value and P -value approach procedures for each of three possible hypotheses, let's look at three new examples — one of a right-tailed test, one of a left-tailed test, and one of a two-tailed test. The good news is that, whenever possible, we will take advantage of the test statistics and P -values reported in statistical software, such as Minitab, to conduct our hypothesis tests in this course.

The level of statistical significance is often expressed as the so-called p -value. Depending on the statistical test you have chosen, you will calculate a probability i. Another way of phrasing this is to consider the probability that a difference in a mean score or other statistic could have arisen based on the assumption that there really is no difference. Let us consider this statement with respect to our example where we are interested in the difference in mean exam performance between two different teaching methods.

If there really is no difference between the two teaching methods in the population i. So, you might get a p -value such as 0. However, you want to know whether this is "statistically significant". We reject it because at a significance level of 0. Whilst there is relatively little justification why a significance level of 0. However, if you want to be particularly confident in your results, you can set a more stringent level of 0.

When considering whether we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis, we need to consider the direction of the alternative hypothesis statement. For example, the alternative hypothesis that was stated earlier is:. The alternative hypothesis tells us two things. First, what predictions did we make about the effect of the independent variable s on the dependent variable s?

Second, what was the predicted direction of this effect? Let's use our example to highlight these two points. Assuming that by throwing the coin several times you get the sequence head, tail, head, head, head. So the question is formulated in such a way that you simply cannot get the answer as formulated in 1. Both statements are not mutually exclusive.

It is not because one proposition is proven wrong that another is necessarily true. So in case 1, is it correct to say "we accept H1"? Answer is no, and your conclusion:. We have an evidence strong enough to believe that H0 is not true, but we may not have an evidence strong enough to believe that H1 is true.

Therefore, "rejecting H0" does not automatically imply "accepting H1". Scientific theories are only built upon a certain set of propositions, until one of them is proven wrong.

Along those lines the general idea of hypothesis testing is to rule out an immediate contradiction of a proposition by readily available facts, but it does not provide a proof of it.

Sign up to join this community. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams? Learn more. Is it possible to accept the alternative hypothesis? Ask Question. Asked 7 years, 3 months ago. Active 2 years, 7 months ago.